Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment

Effects of residue management and N-splitting methods on yield and biological and chemical characters of canola ecosystem

Author(s):

Amir Aynehband ^*, Maryam Tehrani, Dariush A. Nabati

Recieved Date: 2010-01-12, Accepted Date: 2010-04-19

Abstract:

Burning or complete removal of crop residues is not a recommended practice for dry area. This action not only reduces soil quality, it can cause ceasing of crop growth and promote weed infestation in the current crop. Experimental researches were conducted in 2006-07 through 2007-08 to evaluate burning, incorporation and removal effects of cereal residues on canola (Brassica napus L.) ecological growth, yield productivity and N utilization on clay loam soil. Crop residue management (CRM) was examined at three N levels, in form of N-splitting application (NSA). Burning did not increase yield of canola plants but was able to stimulate growth of certain weed plants. Dry matter of unwanted plants, collected from burning treated plots, was significantly increased when checked over that of other CRM. Weed density was promoted when NAS was added into the system. The results also indicated that wheat stubble, incorporated within the soil, provided an ideal condition for canola growth. The improvement of plant characters with high-yielding efficiency appears to be developed on the plants which grown on incorporated plots. N utilization has been shown to have varied effects on growth development associated with CRM. A significant increase in agronomic performance was detected in conjunction with NSA when a small fraction of crop residues properly remained on the soil. Protein content and the quality of canola oil at the harvested seeds increased when cereal stubbles were incorporated into the soil rather than removed from the soil. In general, the findings showed that returning of right amount of wheat stubbles to the soil in conjunction with N not only exhibited a positive impact on yield and yield components but also increased contents of mineral elements (N, P, K, Zn and Mg) and soil organic matter. The continuity of such process would further improve structure and quality of soil characteristics.

Keywords:

Canola, crop residue, nitrogen splitting, crop yield, soil nutrient, weed

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Journal: Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment
Year: 2010
Volume: 8
Issue: 2
Category: Agriculture
Pages: 317-324

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