Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment

Phosphorus release characteristics of manure and manure-impacted soils

Author(s):

Vimala D. Nair ^*, Donald A. Graetz, Daniel O. Dooley

Recieved Date: 2003-01-03, Accepted Date: 2003-04-25

Abstract:

Phosphorus (P) management for dairy and beef cattle operations can be improved by understanding P chemistry in manure and manure-impacted soils. This study characterizes the P forms in dairy and beef cattle manure, and evaluates P release characteristics of manure-impacted soils. Dairy and beef manure from 5 cattle was collected in two consecutive years and subjected to sequential P fractionation, using 1.0 M NH₄Cl (labile P), 0.1 M NaOH (Fe/Al-P) and 0.5 M HCl (Ca/Mg- P) for 2, 17, and 24 h, respectively. In the second year, manure samples were also extracted repeatedly with 1.0 M NH₄Cl until no more P was released. Phosphorus release was influenced primarily by Ca and Mg concentrations in the manure, and their P release potential varied with the manure source. The Ca:Mg ratios in the sequential water extracts of manure-impacted soils decreased from 1.0 in the first extract to 0.6 in the tenth extract for soils collected from active dairies with high rates of manure application. The ratio was a constant 2.0 for soils from abandoned dairies with high manure application rates. Ca:Mg ratios were even higher for beef pasture and forage soils. It also appears that Mg concentrations in the manure could have a detrimental effect on Ca-P stabilization in manure-impacted soils. To minimize the environmental impact of manure applications, it may be necessary to reduce the amount of Mg in the manure through diet or by pre-treatment prior to land application.

Keywords:

Beef manure, dairy manure, manure-impacted soils, phosphorus release, Ca:Mg ratio

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Journal: Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment
Year: 2003
Volume: 1
Issue: 2
Category: Agriculture
Pages: 217-223

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