Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment

Phytosterols – Effective in improving lipid profile in type 2 diabetic patients

Author(s):

Romulus Timar ¹, Bogdan Timar ^{1 *}, Cristian Oancea ¹, Cristian Serafinceanu ², Adrian Vlad ¹, Alexandra Sima ¹

Recieved Date: 2014-01-28, Accepted Date: 2014-04-05

Abstract:

Nowadays, cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of mortality in the Western countries, where lifestyle and the lack of physical activity are leading to an increased prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. One of the causes involved in the increase of the cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetic patients is the modified lipid profile, with a low HDLc, high triglycerides and small, atherogenic, LDL particles. Scientists all over the world are investigating new methods of improving this lipid profile, in the last years diets rich in phytosterols being acknowledged to have a positive impact. The aim of our study was to analyse the effect of a healthier lifestyle on the serum lipid values in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Beside a reduced caloric intake and an increased physical activity, we also included 2 g of phytosterols from natural sources in the diet of our patients. We included 94 patients previously diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus of which, after consenting and being informed regarding the life style to be implemented, 42 adhered to these changes. At inclusion and after three months, clinical (BMI, waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure) and biological (LDLc, HDLc, triglycerides apoB and HbA1c) parameters were measured and the differences between groups were analysed. In the group of patients who adhered to a diet rich in phytosterols, we observed statistically significant decrease in the levels of LDLc (-12.5 mg/dL; p = 0.006), ApoB (-19.3 mg/dL; p = 0.006), systolic (-5.5 mmHg; p = 0.015) and diastolic blood pressure (-5.2 mmHg; p = 0.003) and HbA1c (-0.5 percentage points; p = 0.034). The changes in HDLc and waist circumference were not significant. For the group of patients, which complied with a standard diet, significant changes were observed only regarding ApoB (+8.8 mg/dL; p = 0.043). Lifestyle changes, including here diets rich in phytosterols, are effective approaches for optimizing the lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Keywords:

Phytosterols, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes, diet, insulin resistance

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Journal: Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment
Year: 2014
Volume: 12
Issue: 2
Category: Food and Health
Pages: 111-113

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