Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment

Response of by-products of sunflower seed processing to dilute-acid hydrolysis aiming fermentable sugar production

Author(s):

Danielle Camargo ^{1 *}, Simone D. Gomes ¹, Maria das G. de A. Felipe ², Luciane Sene ¹

Recieved Date: 2014-01-20, Accepted Date: 2014-03-28

Abstract:

The sunflower oil seed processing generates by-products known as sunflower cake and sunflower meal, which lignocellulosic fibers have been little explored as sources of fermentable sugars for bioprocesses. This study aimed at characterizing chemically the sunflower cake and meal, as well the hemicellulosic hydrolysates obtained under different conditions of dilute-acid hydrolysis (1, 2, 4 and 6% w/v H₂SO₄ for 20, 40 and 60 min, at 121°C). The resulting solid fractions (cellulignins) were characterized in order to evaluate further utilization of cellulosic sugars. Both materials presented similar concentrations of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, protein and ash, except for lipids. Regarding the dilute-acid hydrolysis treatment, the increase of sulfuric acid concentration and reaction time raised the concentrations of monomeric sugars and inhibitory compounds. The best condition for obtaining the hemicellulosic hydrolysate from sunflower cake and sunflower meal was 6% sulfuric acid and 20 min, resulting in a rich mixed sugar liquor containing 25.81 g/L xylose, 21.96 g/L glucose and 6.52 g/L arabinose in the cake hydrolysate and 24.88 g/L xylose, 22.33 g/L glucose and 8.9 g/L arabinose in the meal hydrolysate, which accounted for a pentose recovery of 75.5% and 79.43%, respectively. With this condition, hemicellulose was almost completely removed (99.22%) in sunflower meal and the remaining solid fraction presented high cellulose content (33.41%). After delignification with 1% w/v NaOH at 120°C for 15 min, the solid fraction presented 70.23% of cellulose. The results show that both materials are potential biomass for bioprocesses, which represent an alternative marketing outlet for this crop and opens up a possibility of incorporating the by-products of sunflower in the context of biorefinery.

Keywords:

Sunflower cake, sunflower meal, dilute-acid hydrolysis, cellulose, xylose, glucose

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Journal: Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment
Year: 2014
Volume: 12
Issue: 2
Category: Food and Health
Pages: 239-246

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