Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment

Traditional wood charcoal production labour in Turkish forestry (Çankırı sample) 

Author(s):

Kayhan Menemencioglu

Recieved Date: 2013-01-11, Accepted Date: 2013-04-30

Abstract:

Wood charcoal, especially made from hardwoods such as oak, hornbeam, beech, olive and  citrus, is known best and preferred as the primary fuel in most of Turkey for grilling and barbecue. The use and demand of wood charcoal has grown in Turkey and it is still widely produced by migrant charcoal producers with traditional methods by using earth mound kilns. Data collected from 44 kilns at two sites resulted with the mean kiln efficiency of 19% ranging from 17-22% (1 kg of charcoal from 5 to 6 kg of wood) which were constructed by 23 adults, using 1350 tons oak wood and having 255 tons of charcoal equivalent to approximately 10000 sacks of charcoal for about 7 months period. All 44 active kilns observed in the charcoal production sites during the study time were traditional earth kilns, ranging in size from 25 to 45 m3. The productivity for adults involved in this study was 11087 kg/per adult and average wholesale price was 0.70 US$/kg and average income was 7761 US$/adult in a season. A total of annual income of the producers in Turkey is calculated as 140 millions US$. Current status of labour intensive traditional wood charcoal production process from supply of woods to production, transport and marketting of charcoal in Turkey is reviewed in this paper. 

Keywords:

Wood charcoal, traditional earth mound kiln, charcoal production labour, Turkey

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Journal: Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment
Year: 2013
Volume: 11
Issue: 2
Category: Environment
Pages: 1136-1142

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