Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment

Evidence of cytoplasmic and epistatic effects in inheritance of grain protein content in durum wheat

Author(s):

Safia El-Bok *^†, Fethi Bnejdi ^†, Mohamed El-Gazzah

Recieved Date: 2013-06-11, Accepted Date: 2013-10-24

Abstract:

This study was conducted to investigate the role of cytoplasmic and epistatic effects in inheritance of grain protein content in durum wheat (Triticum durum L.). Cytoplasmic and nuclear gene effect estimates for inheritance of grain protein content were evaluated using familial generations derived from two crosses by generation means analysis. Familial generations included parents P₁ and P₂, F₁, RF₁, F₂ and RF₂ generations and backcross BC₁P₁ and BC₁P₂ generations. The transgressive segregation observed in the two crosses indicated the contribution of both parental genes and revealed the polygenic nature of grain protein. Significant differences were obtained between the mean values of F₁ and reciprocal F₁ and between F₂ and reciprocal F₂ populations in the two crosses, which revealed the presence of maternal effect. This result was confirmed with generation means analysis. In fact, both the additive-dominance model and additive-dominance model considering maternal effects failed to explain variation among generation means in the two crosses. Nevertheless, epistatic model with cytoplasmic effects was found appropriate. Cytoplasmic and epistatic effects were significant and consistent in the two crosses. Thus, the improvement of grain protein content would be moderately difficult in comparison with the situation if an additive dominance model (best from a breeder’s point of view) provided the best fit. Expected genetic gain would be increased more if selection considered both nuclear and cytoplasmic components rather than nuclear inheritance only. To conclude, breeding procedures that facilitate the exploitation of cytoplasmic, non-additive and additive gene effects were recommended for the genetic improvement of grain protein content in wheat.

Keywords:

Cytoplasmic, epistasis, inheritance, grain protein, durum wheat

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Journal: Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment
Year: 2013
Volume: 11
Issue: 3&4
Category: Agriculture
Pages: 804-806

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