Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment

Sowing time of popcorn under supplementary irrigation in the second season in Parana State, Brazil

Author(s):

Odair J. Marques *, Pedro S. Vidigal Filho, Carlos A. Scapim, Antonio A. N. Franco, Ricardo S. Okumura, Deivid L. Reche, Alberto Y. Numoto

Recieved Date: 2014-01-13, Accepted Date: 2014-04-20

Abstract:

Popcorn market in Brazil still has a great potential to be explored, especially because it is a crop with higher economic potential returns than common corn, which may benefit small rural producers. However, there is a lack of information on specific techniques for popcorn crop management in Brazil. Thus, this work aimed to study the effect of sowing time on phenotypic response of popcorn grown in the second season, with supplementary irrigation, in Northwest Region of Parana State, Brazil. Trials were conducted in 2010 and 2011 agricultural years, in a Ferralic Nitisol by using a randomized complete block design, with four replications. Treatments consisted by the combination of four sowing times and two commercial popcorn hybrids (IAC-112 and IAC-125), in a factorial scheme 4 x 2. Phenotypic characteristics evaluated were: plant height, leaf area index, ears per plant, thousand grains weight, grain yield and popcorn popping expansion. Obtained data were subjected to individual variance analysis in each agricultural year. Delay in sowing time limited plants growth and vegetative development, and the first sowing period of each agricultural year (February, 10^th 2010 and February, 18^th 2011) resulted in superior phenotypic characteristics of popcorn crop. Temperature was the environmental factor with the greatest influence on phenology, growth and vegetative development of popcorn plants. Grain yield showed decrease of 1.2% (36.8 kg ha^-1 day^-1) from the first sowing time in 2010, and 1.8% (42.5 kg ha^-1 day^-1) in 2011. IAC-112 hybrid surpassed IAC-125 and showed the best results in relation to phenotypic characteristics evaluated

Keywords:

Zea mays L., special corn, popping expansion, grain yield, physiology, physiological plant ecology, temperature, starch, phenology

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Journal: Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment
Year: 2014
Volume: 12
Issue: 2
Category: Agriculture
Pages: 640-647

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