Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment

Antioxidant potential and secondary metabolite content of grape berries influenced by microclimate

Author(s):

Mustafa Ozden

Recieved Date: 2014-06-20, Accepted Date: 2014-09-28

Abstract:

In this study, the effects of the microclimatic changes around the grapes on quality parameters in Shiraz berries were investigated. Variations in microclimate condition of grapes were created by the four different shading treatments: fully exposed (Exp), natural shading (Nsh),  40% of shading (V40) and  60% of shading (V60). During the experiment, illuminance (lux), ultraviolet light (W/cm²), temperature (°C), and relative humidity (%) of each microclimate was continuously recorded by data loggers placed in adjacent grapes perceiving the same microclimate conditions. Shading treatments were set from the initial stage of ripening, and maintained to harvest. Subsequently, influence of the shading treatments on berry quality characteristics was measured by determining physicochemical composition, phenolic accumulation, and antioxidant potential of berries at harvest. A quantitative increase in berry weight (g), pH and titratable acidity (%) of its juice were observed in shaded grapes, but they decreased in Exp grapes, particularly for total soluble solids (24.3 ± 0.5 °Brix). Similarly, total phenolic (1795.5 ± 40.1 mg GAE/kg fwt), and flavonoid (310.9 ± 8.7 mg CE/ kg fwt) contents of berries exposed to solar radiation were higher than grapes grown under shading (V40, V60) conditions. The response of total antioxidant potential to shading treatments was variable and depended on shading level. Fully exposed grapes may not be desirable for some reasons including low anthocyanin accumulation, fast ripening process, berry desiccation and crop loss due to sunburn. Even if exposed berries reached the highest phytochemical content and antioxidant potential, they are not enough for grape berry quality standards normally accepted. Under the study conditions, 40% of shading may meet the expected grape berry quality. Microclimatic changes in fruit zone of grapevines significantly affected berry quality characteristics, secondary metabolite content and antioxidant potential of grape tissues. Therefore, modifications in microclimate conditions of fruit zone may receive considerable research interest in the future studies under harsh climate conditions.

Keywords:

Vitis vinifera L., solar UV radiation, shading, phytochemical content, antioxidant potential

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Journal: Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment
Year: 2014
Volume: 12
Issue: 3&4
Category: Environment
Pages: 338-344

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