Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment

Petroleum oil biodegradation potential of some isolated bacteria from Saudi Arabia

Author(s):

Azzah I. Alghamdi ¹, Magda A. El-Bendary ², Amira H. Al-Abdalall ¹, Ibtisam M. Ababutain ¹*

Recieved Date: 2017-06-26, Accepted Date: 2017-09-12

Abstract:

Contamination with petroleum oil is considered a global hazard that threatens soil and marine life forms. Arabian Gulf, transporting 60% of the world’s marine oil has been considered one of the most polluted areas in the world. This study aimed to isolate and identify bacteria that have the ability to degrade petroleum oil containing about 20% sulfur. A total of ninety bacteria were isolated from two petroleum oil polluted soils and twenty unpolluted soils in eastern province of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The bacterial isolates were identified morphologically and biochemically according to Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology and these isolates were also identified using 16S rRNA sequences in the Biotechnology Center at King Abdul Aziz City for Sciences and Technology. The experiment showed that these bacteria belonged to thirty five species related to thirteen genera. Qualitative screening of petroleum oil biodegradation properties of isolated bacteria was done using microplate assay. Quantitative method was used to determine the ability of bacteria to degrade petroleum oil by using spectrophotometer at the wavelength 420 nm and standard curve was prepared using known concentrations of petroleum oil to estimate the amount of remaining oil in the sample. Eleven species of isolated bacteria were able to degrade petroleum oil and more than fifty percent of petroleum oil was degraded by Bacillus sonorensis KTT-24 and Pseudomonas sp. clone TJ-4 after only one week of incubation at 30±2°C.  This is the first study until our knowledge revealing the ability of bacterial isolates to degrade petroleum oil containing high sulfur content (20%), thus these bacteria can be used in bioremediation of petroleum oil contaminated regions.

Keywords:

Bacteria, biodegradation, microplate assay, 16S rRNA, petroleum oil, sulfur

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Journal: Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment
Year: 2017
Volume: 15
Issue: 3&4
Category: Environment
Pages: 92-97

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