Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment

Derivation of a model relating force applied to fracture eggs to the age of laying hens along with additional parameters

Author(s):

Roman Gálik ¹, Erika Horniaková ², Štefan Bod^’o ³, Tomáš Bod^’o ⁴

Recieved Date: 2012-07-11, Accepted Date: 2012-09-30

Abstract:

The aim of this research was to monitor on hatching eggs from hybrid ISA Brown during the laying cycle the parameters: egg weight, egg shell surface, shell thickness, egg length, egg width, egg shape index and the power needed to destroy the shell. For each collection of egg samples  an average sample of the mixture nutrients (N-substances, fat, starch, sugar, calcium and total phosphorus) was analyzed according to STN 46 7092. Used mathematical and statistical methods for evaluation of quality parameters were analysis of variance and correlation coefficients and simple non-linear and multiple regression analysis. Egg size was measured by an electronic digital caliper and thickness of the shell by U-micrometer. To determine the strength of egg shell, we used a portable measuring device, where the force generated by a loading device acts through the tested egg directly on a force sensor. The complete nutritional level analysis of the food mixture showed that mainly the areas of minerals were not in accordance with the requirements of laying hens. The average amount of crude protein content from ten samples reached 194.26 g.kg^-1 of dry mixture, ME_N  12.33  MJ.kg^-1 and calcium 21.03 g.kg^-1. The daily dose of 115 g from this mixture covers only about 60% of calcium needed by hens. The lowest average shell thickness (0.383 mm) and at the same time the smallest force needed for its destruction (26.08 N) was found in the 69^th week. Regression model equation expressing the relationship between the force needed to destroy the egg shell (s) and a set of independent variables was as follows: y =  -215.459-0.393x₁- 1.546x₂+2.739x₃+4.063x₄+65.481x₅  (x₁ = hen’ s age, x₂ =  egg weight, x₃ = egg length, x₄ = egg width, x₅- egg shell thickness). Between the age of laying hens and egg length was positive, highly significant correlation coefficient (r = 0.824⁺⁺), between the egg length and the force needed to destroy the shell was negative and statistically significant correlation coefficient (R = -0.734⁺) and the age of laying hen and egg shape index value had negative statistically significant correlation coefficient (r = -0.812⁺). 

Keywords:

Egg, hens’ age, egg characteristics, egg shell thickness, destructive force, measuring device, multiple regression, polynomial regression

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Journal: Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment
Year: 2012
Volume: 10
Issue: 3&4
Category: Agriculture
Pages: 645-649

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