Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment

Induction of acquired resistance in strawberry calli by elicitation of fungal homogenates

Author(s):

Gihan Mohamed Hosny Hussein ¹, Mohsen Abou Elela Sayed ²*, Tahany Mohamed Ali Abdel-Rahman ², Adel Hamdan Alwan ^{2, 3}

Recieved Date: 2012-06-03, Accepted Date: 2012-10-06

Abstract:

Screening of fungal population in different plant parts of strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch) (phylloplane, stem plane and rhizoplane) in addition to rhizospheric fungi resulted in isolation of 325 fungal taxa constituting 10 fungal species. The total fungal count and relative density varied within plant parts and the screening months. The common fungal species which had wide distribution and high abundance were Aspergillus niger, Macrophomina phaseolina and Rhizoctonia solani (the latter two species are strawberry pathogens). In vitro culturing of juvenile leaf explants of strawberry, the solid medium (MSCII) composed of MS medium supplemented with 2 mg l^-1 picloram and incubated in darkness for 6 weeks was most suitable for high callus induction frequency, fresh weight gain and resulted in large-sized semi friable calli. Combined addition of 1mg l^-1, NAA and 2mg l^-1 of picloram acted antagonistically, and resulted in low induction frequency and fresh weight gain with small-sized very compact strawberry calli. When autoclaved homogenates from Rhizoctonia solani and Macrophomina phaseolina were exogenously sprayed on strawberry calli (as biotic elicitors), all calli turned to brown one day after exposure. The total soluble phenols accumulated in significant levels within treated calli compared to control indicating the induction of acquired resistance responses in strawberry calli under fungal elicitation stress. 

Keywords:

Strawberry plant (Fragaria ananassa), Macrophomina phaseolina, Rhizoctonia solani, fungal elicitors, tissue cultures

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Journal: Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment
Year: 2012
Volume: 10
Issue: 3&4
Category: Agriculture
Pages: 750-756

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