Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment

Contamination with Fusarium mycotoxins in triticale depends on agrotechnical factors and cultivar

Author(s):

Marzena Mikos-Szymańska, Grażyna Podolska

Recieved Date: 2012-11-26, Accepted Date: 2013-04-30

Abstract:

Grain samples of two winter triticale cultivars collected in 2011 were analyzed for contamination with deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEA), and T-2/HT-2 toxins by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent analysis (ELISA) method. The influence of cultivar and agrotechnical factors on the contamination with mycotoxins was evaluated. Triticale was naturally infected by fungal pathogens producing mycotoxins. The agrotechnical treatments differed with the respect to the levels of production technology, percentage of cereals in crop rotation (50, 75 and 100%), and soil cultivation system (tillage, no tillage). It was found that the triticale grains were contaminated with the tested mycotoxins (DON, ZEA, and T-2/HT-2). The cultivar and percentage of cereals in crop rotation strongly modified the concentration of mycotoxins in grains. The highest level of each tested mycotoxin was found in triticale grains, grown in crop rotation with 100% of cereals. The samples of ‘Pizarro’ cultivar showed higher contamination with DON, ZEA, and T-2/HT-2 toxins, whose concentrations amounted to 4825.0, 459.7, and 223.8 µg·kg^-1, respectively. Moreover, the determined concentrations were higher than the safe levels for human/animal health (1250, 100 µg·kg^-1, for T-2 limit not evaluated yet, respectively). The “Pigmej” cultivar on the other hand was characterized by smaller mycotoxin contamination. Thus, ‘Pigmej’ might be classified as more resistant to mycotoxins accumulation than “Pizarro cultivar.

Keywords:

Mycotoxins, deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, T-2/HT-2 toxins, triticale, agrotechnical factors

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Journal: Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment
Year: 2013
Volume: 11
Issue: 2
Category: Environment
Pages: 1528-1531

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