Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment

Dynamics of T-2 toxin synthesis on barley ears

Author(s):

Pavel Matušinsky *, Ivana Polišenská, Michaela Kadlíková, Ludvík Tvarůžek, Dagmar Spitzerová, Tomáš Spitzer

Recieved Date: 2013-06-06, Accepted Date: 2013-09-28

Abstract:

Fusarium langsethiae is a fungus causing Fusarium head blight (FHB) of cereals such as oats and to a lesser extent barley and wheat. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for determination of F. langsethiae on samples of spring barley grain collected in the Czech Republic during 2007. Trial plots of wheat, barley and oats were inoculated with a mixture of two strains of F. langsethiae in field conditions. Visual evaluation of FHB on panicles and laboratory testing for presence of the T-2 toxin were conducted along with molecular diagnostics to indicate the presence of F. langsethiae DNA in the grain. Germination of F. langsethiae spores in darkness and under UV light was also tested. The dynamics of T-2 synthesis during the grain development and maturation were monitored in the spring barley variety Malz. F. langsethiae was found in 2 of 27 samples during screening. Inoculation was deemed unsuccessful because no presence of symptoms, fungal DNA or mycotoxins was confirmed in any of the inoculated crops. In evaluating germination of F. langsethiae spores, under UV light a shortening of the germ tube of 7.53% in comparison with the variant placed in darkness was detected. Although T-2 toxin was detected in harvested barley grain of the variety Malz (1989 µg kg^-1), presence of F. langsethiae was not confirmed, but presence of F. poae from natural contamination was detected. The test of T-2 toxin’s synthesis dynamics during ear maturation demonstrated onset of toxins creation in the milk stage and peaking at full maturity.

Keywords:

Artificial inoculation, barley, cereals, deoxynivalenol, ear diseases, Fusarium head blight, Fusarium langsethiae, H-T2 toxin, mycotoxins, HT-2 toxin, oat, wheat

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Journal: Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment
Year: 2013
Volume: 11
Issue: 3&4
Category: Agriculture
Pages: 1114-1122

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