Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment

Influence of use and land occupation on the water quality with the application of multivariate statistical techniques

Author(s):

Suzana C. Wrublack *, Erivelto Mercante, Márcio A. Vilas Boas, Pitágoras A. Piana

Recieved Date: 2013-06-15, Accepted Date: 2013-09-10

Abstract:

The present study aimed at investigating the relationship of use land and occupation on the quality of water used for irrigation. Multivariate analysis was performed by the techniques of Principal Components Analysis - ACP and Canonical Correspondence Analysis - CCA, between variables of use and land occupation and water quality parameters in two distinct annual periods of precipitation. Physical parameters as turbidity, temperature were analyzed as well as chemical ones: pH, electrical conductivity, bicarbonate, chloride, phosphate and nitrate and biological parameters as thermotolerant coliform in two annual distinct raining periods (1 and 2). Based on field surveys, by georeferencing of sampling points, farms perimeters and survey data concerning soil use and occupation, some information was recorded on water quality for irrigation and the area management, especially the permanent preservation areas. Google Earth program provided the images used to map soil use and occupation. The data obtained from the mapping of soil use as well as water quality for irrigation in periods 1 and 2 were statistically analyzed by techniques of Principal Component Analysis, Detrended Correspondence Analysis and Canonical Correspondence Analysis to record the relation of soil use and occupation on water quality. The interpretation of satellite imagery from Google Earth with ArcGIS 9.3 software allowed a map drawing regarding soil use and occupation in four categories: areas with temporary crops, permanent crops, urban areas and forests. The Canonical Correspondence Analysis identified two significant axes of variation to explain the variation in water quality. The first axis identified the highest values of electrical conductivity, nitrate, phosphate and bicarbonate in the period 2 and the variables temperature and thermal-tolerant coliforms in period 1. The second axis was positively related to areas of permanent preservation and reforestation, with positive influence on turbidity and electrical conductivity. The restriction on the use of irrigation water in the parameters phosphate and thermal-tolerant coliforms was related to the development of agricultural activities.

Keywords:

Irrigation, multivariate analysis, Geographic Information System – GIS, satellite images, visual classification, water quality, water resources, irrigation, environmental characteristics, soil use and occupation

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Journal: Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment
Year: 2013
Volume: 11
Issue: 3&4
Category: Environment
Pages: 2131-2135

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