Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment

Relationship between temperature and developmental rate of tomato russet mite Aculops lycopersici (Massee) (Acari: Eriophyideae) on tomato

Author(s):

Mahmoud M. Al-Azzazy ^{1, 2},  Saleh S. Alhewairini ¹*

Recieved Date: 2018-07-20, Accepted Date: 2018-09-19

Abstract:

The biology of tomato russet mite Aculops lycopersici (Massee) (Acari, Eriophyidae) was studied on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L., cv. Pritchard) at 10 temperatures ranging from 8°C to 39°C (including 8, 11, 14, 17, 21, 24, 28, 32, 36 and 39 ± 1°C), all at 55 ± 5% R.H. (relative humidity) and photoperiod 12/12 h light/dark, under laboratory conditions. The effect of temperature on immature development, reproduction, longevity, mortality, female fecundity and population growth was investigated. At 8 and 39°C the activity of adults became slow and/or ceased that results in the adults death. Moreover, adults were able to develop at temperatures between 11 and 36°C with 55% R.H. on tomato leaves although, at least 36% of the generation time was spent in the egg stage at 36°C. The longest days (25.77 ± 1.44 and 22.92±1.18  days) and shortest days (4.74 ± 0.34 and 4.44±0.29 days) female and male immature period was observed at 11°C and 36°C, respectively. The survival rate of the nymphal stages was high between 14 and 32°C, but decreased at 37°C. The lower temperature threshold for A. lycopersici was obtained at 9.50°C. The highest fecundity rate was at 32°C with 57 eggs per female whereas males started depositing spermatophores within a few hours after they became adults. At 11°C, males deposited an average 14.31 spermatophores inside 24 hours; the highest number of spermatophores deposited by one male was 729.03 at 32°C. Life table parameters showed that the intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm) increased with temperature to a maximum of 0.185 at 32°C. The population of A. lycopersici on tomato leaves multiplied 18.14 times in a generation time of 14.45 days at 32°C and lowered to 4.25 times in a generation time of 26.38 days at 11°C under the same laboratory conditions.

Keywords:

Acari, Eriophyidae,  Aculops lycopersici, life table parameters, developmental rate, temperature, tomat

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Journal: Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment
Year: 2018
Volume: 16
Issue: 3&4
Category: Agriculture
Pages: 18-23

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