Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment

Plants as biofilter in indoor volatile organic compounds removal: an overview

Author(s):

Y. Arsia Tarnam

Recieved Date: 2019-06-12, Accepted Date: 2019-09-10

Abstract:

Air pollution is rapidly increasing due to urbanization, industrialization, population, crowded housing with inadequate ventilation and increased automobile exhaust that leads to asthma, cardiovascular diseases, lung diseases and cancer. In present scenario, people spend 85-90% of their lifetime indoor and inhale 7-8 litres of air per min (11,000 litres of air per day) along with air pollutants, which is responsible for sick building syndrome and building related illness. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are non-methane compounds either from natural or anthropogenic origin having vapor pressure >2 mm of mercury and are considered to be major air pollutants. In India, it has been estimated that annual anthropogenic VOC emission is 21 million metric tons. In indoor environment more than 500 VOCs have been detected and are found to be toxic to humans. It may cause either shortterm or long-term human effects. Plants that act as active botanical biofilters (phytoremediation) can become toxic to plant itself at higher levels and also for proper leaf gas exchange, periodic cleaning of leaves is necessary. Mammalian cytochrome P-450 is a membrane associated hemeprotein that plays an important role in drug  I metabolism  in liver. CYP2E1 also metabolizes exogenous substrates such as environmental pollutants, agrochemicals, plant allelochemicals and steroids. Hence transgenic plants with mammalian CYP2E1 are seem to be more promising in phytoremediation of VOCs. This review underlines the impact of indoor VOCs in human health and the role of plants and mammalian CYP2E1 gene in phytoremediation.

Keywords:

Air pollution, volatile organic compounds, phytoremediation, transgenic plants, CYP2E1, health effects

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Journal: Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment
Year: 2019
Volume: 17
Issue: 3&4
Category: Environment
Pages: 80-84

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