Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment

Assessment of Productive Safety Net Program contribution for sustainable livelihood and food security in pastoral community of Ethiopia: A case of Ewa and Semurobi Woredas, Afar Region

Author(s):

Nahusenay Abate Dessie

Recieved Date: 2022-01-24, Accepted Date: 2022-03-28

Abstract:

Poverty is a manifold thought where basic human needs are least satisfied or shortages of a certain amount of material possessions or money. The main objective of this study was to assess the PSNP contribution for sustainable livelihood and food security in Afar pastoral community Ewa and Semurobi Woredas as the case study. The two Woredas were taken by lottery methods from a total of 34 Woredas in the region. The interviewees were selected using stratified random sampling technique and then 120 households picked up from each Woreda by random sampling methods. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical analysis by percentage, mean score, cumulative frequency, χ2 and t-tests. As the results have shown, over 68% of food accessibility sources were food-for-work and food-aid and PSNP was the main contributors in a wide range of poverty alleviation. About 60% of the income sources were primarily rely on livestock and livestock production and these income sources were severely constrained by recurrent disasters [drought, ood, conflict and lack of diversity of food items]. However, the majority of the respondents about 66% replied that all people were not equally affected by drought, food insecure and vulnerable. The poor pastorals who have no adequate livestock and landless, women (53%) and absence of alternative income sources like family in town were much more exposed to drought and famine. The nutritional mealtime that were taken by the pastoralists were more dramatic, food intake adequacy was rarely achieved due to food shortages about 70% twice a day lunch and dinner and 24% three times. The inappropriate food intake about 90% consumed milk alone, 79% pieces of bread without any other protein sauce even in a good harvesting season and poor sanitary conditions. The coping mechanisms that was taken by pastoralists to reduce frequency of mealtimes. The PSNP has a great contribution for the pastoral community but still it needs more focuses because it was abused by the local management systems. Enhancements in food security and eradication of poverty, investment for sustainable agriculture will require well planning and aiming to food itself and a national food security system. To reinforce and build up sustainable food security, the national food and nutrition policy is endorsed, focusing on relief efforts and underlying factors contributing to the famine. The development packages including PSNP improvements in income, health, nutrition and awareness education should be addressed.

Keywords:

Food security, income, livelihood, pastoral community, PSNP, vulnerability

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Journal: Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment
Year: 2022
Volume: 20
Issue: 2
Category: Environment
Pages: 107-115

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